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Das Linux Essentials Certificate ist eine weltweit anerkannte Zertifizierung, die das Können eines Kandidaten in grundlegenden Linux-Fähigkeiten bestätigt. Es ist ein ausgezeichneter Ausgangspunkt für Personen, die eine Karriere in der Linux-Systemadministration oder -Entwicklung anstreben möchten. Darüber hinaus bietet es eine solide Grundlage für weitere LPI-Zertifizierungsprüfungen wie die LPIC-1- und LPIC-2-Prüfungen, die fortgeschrittenere Linux-Fähigkeiten validieren.

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Lpi 010-160 Prüfung Übungen und Antworten

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Die Lpi 010-160 (Linux Essentials Certificate Exam, Version 1.6) Prüfung ist eine Einstiegszertifizierung, die das Verständnis des Kandidaten für das Linux-Betriebssystem testet. Die Prüfung ist für Einzelpersonen konzipiert, die neu in der Linux-Welt sind oder nur begrenzte Erfahrung damit haben. Die Prüfung behandelt Themen wie Grundlagen der Befehlszeile, Dateiverwaltung und System-Sicherheit. Außerdem testet sie das Wissen des Kandidaten über Open-Source-Anwendungen und deren Nutzung.

Lpi Linux Essentials Certificate Exam - version 1.6 010-160 Prüfungsfragen mit Lösungen (Q74-Q79):

74. Frage
Which one of the following statements concerning Linux passwords is true?

A. Passwords may be at most six characters long.
B. All passwords can be decrypted using the system administrator's master password.
C. Passwords are only stored in hashed form.
D. Passwords may never start with a non-letter.
E. Users cannot change their password once it has been set.

Antwort: C

Begründung:
Explanation
Linux passwords are not stored in plain text, but in a scrambled or encrypted form known as a hash. A hash is a one-way function that transforms a string of characters into a fixed-length value. The same input always produces the same hash, but it is impossible to reverse the process and recover the original input from the hash. This way, the system can verify the user's password without exposing it to anyone who can read the file where the hashes are stored. The file that contains the password hashes is /etc/shadow, which is only readable by the root user or members of the shadow group. The passwd utility is used to change the user's password, which updates the hash in the /etc/shadow file. References: Linux Essentials 1.6 Topic 105: Security and File Permissions, How to Change Account Passwords on Linux, Where is my password stored on Linux?

75. Frage
The current directory contains the following file:
-rw-r-r- 1 root exec 24551 Apr 2 12:36 test.sh
The file contains a valid shell script, but executing this file using ./test.sh leads to this error:
bash: ./test.sh: Permission denied
What should be done in order to successfully execute the script?

A. The SetUID bit should be set in the file's permissions
B. The execute bit should be set in the file's permissions.
C. The user executing the script should be added to the exec group.
D. The file's extension should be changed from .sh to .bin.
E. The script should be run using #!./test. sh instead of ./test.sh.

Antwort: B

Begründung:
The execute bit in Linux is a permission bit that allows the user to run an executable file or enter a directory. For regular files, such as scripts or binaries, the execute bit must be set for the user to run them. For directories, the execute bit allows the user to access the files and subdirectories inside. Therefore, to successfully execute the script test.sh, the execute bit should be set in the file's permissions. This can be done by using the chmod command with the +x option, for example: chmod +x test.sh. The other options are either irrelevant or incorrect. The file's extension does not affect its executability, only its association with a program. The user executing the script does not need to be in the exec group, as long as the user has the execute permission on the file. The SetUID bit is a special permission bit that allows the user to run the file as the file's owner, regardless of the user's identity. This is not necessary for executing the script, and may pose a security risk. The #!./test.sh syntax is invalid, as the #! is used to specify the interpreter for the script, not the script itself. Reference:
Linux Essentials Version 1.6 Objectives1, Topic 1.4: Command Line Basics, Subtopic: Basic Shell Commands Linux Essentials Version 1.6 Exam Preparation Guide2, Section 1.4: Command Line Basics, Page 16 Execute vs Read bit. How do directory permissions in Linux work?3

76. Frage
Which of the following outputs comes from the command free?

A. Option B
B. Option D
C. Option A
D. Option E
E. Option C

Antwort: D

77. Frage
Which of the following programs is a graphical editor for vector graphics?

A. Inkscape
B. Samba
C. MySQL
D. NGINX
E. Python

Antwort: A

Begründung:
Explanation
A vector graphics editor is a software program that allows users to create and edit vector graphics, which are images composed of mathematical curves and shapes. Vector graphics are scalable, meaning they can be resized without losing quality or clarity. Python, NGINX, Samba, and MySQL are not vector graphics editors, but rather other types of software. Python is a programming language, NGINX is a web server, Samba is a file and print server, and MySQL is a database management system. Inkscape is a free and open source vector graphics editor that supports the SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) format, as well as other formats. Inkscape can be used to create logos, icons, diagrams, illustrations, and other graphics. Inkscape is one of the applications covered in the Linux Essentials certification program from the Linux Professional Institute (LPI).
References:
* Linux Essentials - Linux Professional Institute (LPI)
* Draw Freely | Inkscape

78. Frage
Which of the following statements is true about Free Software?

A. It is developed by volunteers only.
B. It may be modified by anyone using it.
C. It must always be available free of charge.
D. It only runs on Linux.
E. It is only distributed as a compiled binary.

Antwort: B

Begründung:
Explanation
The correct statement about Free Software is that it may be modified by anyone using it. This is one of the four essential freedoms of Free Software, which are: the freedom to run the program as you wish, for any purpose; the freedom to study how the program works, and change it so it does your computing as you wish; the freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor; and the freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others1. Access to the source code is a precondition for these freedoms1.
The other statements are false for the following reasons:
* Free Software is not developed by volunteers only. It can be developed by anyone, including individuals, companies, organizations, or communities. Some Free Software developers are paid for their work, while others do it as a hobby or for social benefit1.
* Free Software does not have to be available free of charge. It can be sold or given away for any price. The term "free" refers to the users' freedom, not the price of the software1. However, Free Software users have the freedom to redistribute copies, so they can obtain the software at no charge from someone who has a copy1.
* Free Software does not only run on Linux. It can run on any operating system that supports it, such as Windows, MacOS, BSD, or Android. Linux is an example of a Free Software operating system, but not the only one1.
* Free Software is not only distributed as a compiled binary. It can also be distributed as source code, or both. In fact, Free Software must provide access to the source code, otherwise the users cannot study or modify the software1.
References:
* What is Free Software? - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation

79. Frage
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